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Anal cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the anus. Most anal cancers are related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Signs of anal cancer include bleeding from the anus or rectum or a lump near the anus The anus is the opening at the bottom of your intestines where stool exits the body. Anal cancer is rare, but when it occurs, it may spread to other parts of the body. Some noncancerous forms of anal cancer can also turn cancerous over time. If you have any of the below symptoms and risk factors, talk to your doctor about your concerns. Anal cancer is caused by the development of abnormal cells in the body. These abnormal cells can grow uncontrollably and accumulate, forming masses known as tumors. Advanced cancer cells can metastasize, or spread to other parts of the body and interfere with normal functions.